The nerve impulses travel along the optic nerve to the visual cortex area of the brain. The visual cortex area of the brain processes the billions of pieces of information that arrive and form them into a meaningful image for the animal.
Retinal disease
Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) is a group of genetic diseases seen in certain breeds of dogs and, more rarely, cats. It is characterised by the bilateral degeneration of the retina.
Generalised PRA is the most common form and can be divided into either dysplastic disease, where the cells develop abnormally, and degenerative, where the cells develop normally but then undergo a damaging change. PRA can be further divided into affecting either rod or cone cells.
It causes causes progressive vision loss culminating in blindness. The condition in nearly all breeds is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait.
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